OS X annoyances – Switching between applications
Key command to cycle through application windows in OS X is ⌘⇥. This is a very problematic function because it does not care whether applications have open windows or not. If you close a window, the program still runs on background, but you cannot activate its main window by command-tabbing which is very confusing.
In some programs you may open a new window hitting ⌘N, but in some programs, for example Mail.app, there are different ways to get to the main window. In Mail.app you have to check for new mail to see the hidden main window with command ⌘⌥N. Not so easy to remember.